Learn about news literacy this week 'The Facebook Files' | Satirical protester | Chris Evans' fake shirt
Top picks
An ongoing blockbuster investigative series by The Wall Street Journal called “The Facebook Files” shows how the company internally acknowledges problems that it publicly denies or downplays — and is hesitant to address. Based on internal Facebook documents, the series exposes a program at the company that gives prominent, influential users broad latitude or exemption from its rules. It also shows that Facebook has substantial internal research showing that Instagram (which it owns) causes teens — and especially teen girls — to feel worse about themselves, and increases anxiety, depression and harmful behaviors. The investigation also explores the way a 2018 algorithm change rewarded polarizing content, prompting publishers and even political parties to tailor their content for outrage, and how the company failed to rein in criminal activity and widespread anti-vaccine rhetoric.
A new report from New York University finds that although social media platforms are not the primary cause of growing political polarization in the United States, they do intensify and exacerbate these divides — with dangerous consequences. The report also outlines recommendations for reducing social media’s role in stoking polarization, including government intervention and social media companies modifying their algorithms to “depolarize platforms.”
Research into the effectiveness of fact-checking is often focused on “WEIRD” — Western, educated, industrialized, rich and democratic — countries, raising questions about whether debunking false claims works in more global contexts. A new study finds it does.
Viral rumor rundown
No, an anti-vax protester didn’t create a sign saying he knows more than “the scietists”
NO: This man is not an anti-vaccine protester. NO: The sign he is holding doesn’t contain a sincere message. YES: He is a counter-protester who created the sign — which includes “I demand my right to be ignarant [sic] & selfish” on the other side — to satirically oppose an anti-vaccine demonstration outside of a Toronto hospital on Sept. 13.
NewsLit takeaway: Satire is notoriously difficult to recognize online. In fact, as this TruthorFiction.com fact-check about the “scietists” counter-protester points out, it’s an example of an internet axiom called Poe’s Law which holds that “a parody of something extreme can be mistaken for the real thing, and if a real thing sounds extreme enough, it can be mistaken for a parody.” Also, while this sign is authentic, it’s good to keep in mind that protest signs are easy targets for photo manipulation that misrepresents a group or cause.
A 2015 Nobel Prize doesn’t mean ivermectin is effective to treat COVID-19
NO: Ivermectin itself didn’t win a Nobel Prize in 2015. YES: Two researchers who in the late 1970s discovered that avermectin, a precursor to ivermectin, was effective in treating diseases caused by parasites, were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015. NO: This is not evidence that ivermectin is effective in treating COVID-19. YES: Clinical trials for ivermectin are ongoing to evaluate its efficacy against COVID-19 after some small, observational studies suggested it might be. NO: Available data does not show that ivermectin is effective against COVID-19, and the FDA is urging people not to use it for this purpose.
NewsLit takeaway: It can be easy to get swept up in partisan rhetoric online and mistake something that feels substantive as evidence for an unrelated claim. Cut through the emotion and misleading hyperbole surrounding the debate over ivermectin by monitoring its progress through clinical trials, talking with your doctor and awaiting word from health authorities like the FDA and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Actor Chris Evans didn’t wear a “Keep America Trumpless” t-shirt
NO: The actor Chris Evans did not wear a shirt that says “Keep America Trumpless.” YES: This is a doctored photo with text on Evans’ shirt that was changed. YES: Fan accounts on Instagram and Twitter shared the authentic photo, which shows that the design on Evans’ t-shirt was actually the emblem from the Oregon state flag. YES: Evans has beenpubliclycritical of former President Donald Trump in the past.
The original photo shows that Evans was wearing a “State of Oregon” shirt.
NewsLit takeaway: Printed messages, including those on t-shirts, are easy to doctor and should always be verified before being shared. As Dan Evon points out in his fact-check of this photo for Snopes, doctored t-shirt rumors featuring celebrities are common — and sometimes feature shirts for sale online, which underscores one possible motivation for their creation and circulation.
Turbulent and polarizing current events may have boosted Americans’ understanding of certain basic civics concepts, new data suggests. But at what cost? A new CNN poll finds that more than half (56%) of Americans “feel democracy is under attack.” Some doctors are spreading COVID-19 misinformation — without repercussions. Why 'do your own research' isn't always the best advice — and so often goes wrong. And finally, could opting-in to op-eds help people better separate opinion pieces from news? (A tough task for many.)
Sign up to receive NLP Connections (news about our work) or switch your subscription to the educator version of Get Smart About News called The Sift here.
Check out NLP's Checkology virtual classroom, where you can learn to better navigate today’s information landscape by developing news literacy skills.
